Active Voice) My money was being stolen by him yesterday morning. (Passive Voice) 6. Past Perfect Tense. Rumus: S + had + been + V 3 + (by agent) Contoh: Umi had given the gift to her friend. (Active Voice) The gift had been given by umi to her friend. (Passive Voice) 7. Simple Future Tense. ActiveVoice || Passive Voice || Active And Passive Voice || Future Perfect Tense || English Info ||Active Voice & Passive Voice Video Links : Pastperfect tense (active & passive voice) July 22, 2021. Active voice to passive voice in Past Indefinite tense. June 6, 2021. Verbs. Verbs Action verb masterclass. December 16, 2021. ADVERBIALS masterclass. November 16, 2021 - Advertisement - Most Popular. Passive voice Past Continuous tense (Active and passive voice) Vay Nhanh Fast Money. In this post, we will learn how to use the Past Perfect passive voice and how to change the active voice into the passive voice of the Past Perfect tense. The Past Perfect tense is usually used to refer to an action in the past that took place prior to a certain time in the past or a past action. When to use the active voice in the Past perfect tense? We write sentences in the active voice of the Past perfect tense when we want to focus on the person/people who had performed an action in the past before another action or time. Structure Subject + had + past participle V3 + object Subject = the doer of the action Object = the receiver of the action Examples She had finished the project before the deadline came. The judge had dismissed the matter when it came to my notice. In these examples, we are focusing on the person/people who had performed the action in the past. When to use the passive voice in the Past perfect tense? Sentences are written in the Past Perfect tense passive voice when we want to focus on the receiver of the action when we want to talk about what or whom the doer of the action had acted upon. And since we shift the focus to the object of the verb from the subject the doer of the action, the object becomes the subject, and the subject doer becomes an irrelevant or less important entity in a sentence, and therefore; it is usually not mentioned in the sentence. Structure Object of the verb + had been + past participle V3 + by + subject doer The object of the verb = the subject of a passive sentence Examples The project had been completed by her before the deadline came. The matter had been dismissed by the judge when it came to my notice. Active voiceSubject doerhadV3object receiverPassive voiceobject receiverhad + beenV3by + subjectdoer Active I had paid the money. focusing on the doer of the action I’ Passive The money had been paid by me.focusing on the object that the action was acted upon the money Note that we, generally, don’t add the doer of the action to the sentence as it is not important to the meaning of the sentence or is already understood. But it’s completely your choice to do so. Active to passive voice in the Past Perfect tense Changing active voice into passive voice in the Past Perfect tense Active We had trained them They had been trained well by us. Active Some people had followed her to the She had been followed to the office by some people. Active The teacher had thrown us out of the We had been thrown out of the class by the teacher. Active They had copied all my All my answers had been copied by them. Active Someone had stolen my car before I reached My car had been stolen by someone before I reached home. Active The police had arrested He had been arrested by the police. Active His parents had warmed him before he did the He had been warned by his parents before he did the crime. Active She had saved my family from those My family had been saved from those people by her. Negative sentences Active and voice voice Active voiceSubject hadnotV3objectPassive voiceObjecthad + beennotV3by + subject optional Active He had not invited me to the I had not been invited to the party by him. Active Sam hadn’t helped us at We hadn’t been helped at all by Sam. Active We had not recorded the The video had not been recorded by us. Active She hadn’t bought anything at the Nothing had been bought at the store by her. NOTE If anything is the object of the verb in the active voice of a negative sentence, it will change to nothing in the passive voice. Interrogative sentences Active and passive voice Active voiceQuestion words if anyhadsubjectV3object?Passive voiceQuestion wordshadobjectbeen + V3by + subject? Examples Active Had you called me?Passive Had I been called by you? Active Had he not helped you with your assignment?Passive Had you not been helped with your assignment by him? Active Had they contacted you for the class?Passive Had you been contacted for the class by them? Active Where had she invested the money?Passive Where had the money been invested by her? Active Why had you sold the car? Passive Why had the car been sold by you? Active What had you taken before lunch?Passive What had been taken before lunch by you? Practice! Nobody had helped me in my tough times. My friends had supported my family. Some people had attacked his wife. Where had he taken the money from? Had they called her? How had you done that? Everyone had mocked me for my pronunciation. They hadn’t released the movie before the end. Somebody had deposited a lot of money into my account. I had not caught the train. Answers I had not been helped in my tough times by anyone. My family had been supported by my friends. His wife had been attacked by some people. Where had the money been taken from by him? Had she been called by them? How had that been done by you? I had been mocked for my pronunciation by everyone. The movie hadn’t been released before the end. A lot of money had been deposited into my account by someone. The train had not been caught by me. Now, we know everything about compound subjects. Feel free to share your question, doubt, or feedback in the comment section, and also, share the post with the people that need it. For one-on-one classes, contact me at [email protected]. Interrogative adjective masterclass This post helps us understand what an interrogation adjective is, and how to use it… Intensive pronoun masterclass June 5, 2023 This lesson helps us understand what an intensive pronoun, also known as an emphatic pronoun,… Reflexive pronoun masterclass June 4, 2023 This post helps us understand what a reflexive pronoun is, how it is used, and… Demonstrative pronouns masterclass June 3, 2023 This lesson helps us understand what a demonstrative pronoun is, how it is used, and… Object of a preposition masterclass June 2, 2023 This lesson helps us understand what an object of a preposition is, what it can… Relative pronoun masterclass June 2, 2023 This lesson helps us understand what a relative pronoun is, what it does in a… Mark Twain was in London when he heard that his obituary news had been published by mistake. He sent a cable to the USA, which read the reports of my death are greatly exaggerated. Introduction to Active and Passive Voice Voice is one of the five basic properties of English grammar. The other four are mood, tense, person, and number. Voice is the connection between the subject and the object, which are linked through a verb. It's interesting to see how English enables us to play with sentences by changing the word order, and come up with two entirely different structures to form active and passive. While the active voice is undoubtedly the more common of the two, the passive voice is used to serve certain purposes. In this lesson, we are going to take a look at how and when we use active and passive voices. What Is Active Voice? The active voice is a style of writing where the subject acts upon its verb. Here, the subject always comes first, followed by the verb and the complements. The active voice is so called because, unlike the passive voice where the subject is passive, the subject here is active. Example Sentences with Active Voice Andrew hit the ball. Students always learn by doing. People call Orlando the theme park capital of the world. Catherine doesn't enjoy visiting malls. When to Use Active Voice The active voice is the more preferred of the two voices. Because using active voice helps make writing shorter, more precise, and more straightforward, a lot of people choose to use it in most of their communication. This means unless there is a specific requirement making passive voice an ideal choice, we stick to active voice. Given this fact, there are more rules for when to use passive voice than there are for when to use active voice. Advantages of Active Voice Since a sentence in active voice has a clear subject, it is easier for the reader to understand the sentence. Consider the below sentence, for example I love reading Mark Twain's witty quotes. active voice If we wrote the sentence in passive voice, it would sound awkward. Reading Mark Twain's witty quotes is loved by me. passive voice If we rewrote the sentence "Reading Mark Twain's witty quotes is a favorite pastime of mine", it would sound great. But, this is yet again an instance of active voice and not of passive voice. Active voice instantly connects with the reader. This is because it's free from the tangle of phrases that often accompany the passive voice. Read the following example Mr. Miller said the park must introduce an entrance fee in order to facilitate uninterrupted service. active voice It was said by Mr. Miller that an entrance fee must be introduced by the park in order for uninterrupted service to be facilitated. passive voice The string of phrases introduced in the passive version of this sentence makes it a little hard for the reader to understand. Hence, we prefer to use the active voice. What Is Passive Voice? The passive voice is the style of writing where you change the order of words and make the object of the action the subject of a sentence. In other words, the subject is the recipient of a verb's action. It's called passive because, unlike the active voice where the subject is active, the real subject is passive here. How to Recognize Passive Voice To recognize if a sentence is in passive voice, look for the following words. This is not an exhaustive list, though. by is are being has been have been will be Example Sentences with Passive Voice Kim's wallet was stolen during the fair. 50 volunteers are required to make the campaign a success. Over 1000 people were killed during the war. The results will be published later today. When to Use Passive Voice There are specific rules for when using the passive voice is better or more appropriate than using active voice. when we don't know who is responsible for the action Examples My pet dog has been stolen. Someone has stolen the dog; we don't know who it is. My essay has been corrected. You gave your essay to the correction service, and one of the teachers corrected it. when it's not important who did the action, or we don't want people to know who did it Examples My car was fixed on Monday. What is important is that the car was fixed; we don't really care who fixed it. Mistakes were made. We don't want to specifically mention who made the mistakes. when the reader or listener knows who did the action Example Kenneth has been asked to submit the grammar assignment again. It's obvious from the context that it's the English teacher who has asked Kenneth to submit the assignment again. when people in general are responsible for the action Example The worksheet can be freely downloaded from the website. Anybody can download a free worksheet, so the passive voice is used. when we report crimes or write in scientific contexts Examples The burglars were arrested as soon as they left the building. The animals were kept in a zoo for two years as part of an experiment. Subjects in Passive Voice The subject in passive voice is introduced with "by". That said, not every passive sentence has a by phrase containing the subject. Subjects can sometimes be assumed or remembered from a previous sentence. Examples The dish was prepared by Grandma. The subject is introduced in the by phrase. After the party, a lot of food was wasted. The subject is not mentioned, but it can be assumed from the context. There was a gathering at Grandma's. All family members were invited. In the second sentence, the subject "Grandma" is remembered from the first sentence. How to Convert Active Voice into Passive Voice The chart below includes all tenses that are used in passive voice. There is no passive voice for perfect progressive tenses present, past, and future and future progressive tense. Tense Active Voice Passive Voice Active Sentence Passive Sentence present simple read is read Keith reads the poem. The poem is read by Keith. present progressive is reading is being read Keith is reading the poem. The poem is being read by Keith. past simple read was read Keith read the poem. The poem was read by Keith. past progressive was reading was being read Keith was reading the poem. The poem was being read by Keith. future simple will read will be read Keith will read the poem. The poem will be read by Keith. present perfect has read has been read Keith has read the poem. The poem has been read by Keith. past perfect had read had been read Keith had read the poem. The poem had been read by Keith. future perfect will have read will have been read Keith will have read the poem. The poem will have been read by Keith. conditional present would read would be read If Keith had the poem, he would read it. If Keith had the poem, it would be read by him. conditional past would have read would have been read Keith would have read the poem if he had had it. The poem would have been read by Keith if he had had it. present infinitive to read to be read Keith wants to read the poem. The poem wants to be read by Keith. Take an Active and Passive Voice Quiz Now! Sorry, your answer is What is the passive voice? The passive voice in English grammar allows us to make the recipient of the action the focus of the sentence; the person or thing performing the action is unknown, unimportant or obvious. The passive is formed as follows form of be + past participle. Learn the difference between the active and passive voice with Lingolia, then put your knowledge to the test in the exercises. Example My bike was stolen last night. The cellar in our building was broken into and several bikes were taken. I called the police earlier, but they had already been informed by my neighbour. An investigation is being conducted, but the thief has not been arrested yet. Any information should be reported to the police. When to use the passive in English grammar Active sentences usually follow the subject-verb-object word order and focus on the person or thing performing the action. Example A criminal stole my bike. In contrast, the passive voice focuses on the action itself. Passive sentences tell us what happens to the recipient of the action. Example My bike was stolen. We use the passive when the person or thing performing the action known as the agent is unknown, unimportant or obvious. Examples My bike was stolen. → unknown agent An investigation is being conducted. → obvious agent the police A mistake has been made. → avoids naming the agent Any information should be reported to the police. → people in general If we want to include the agent of a passive sentence, we use the preposition by. Example My bike was stolen by a criminal. They had already been informed by my neighbour. How to form the passive in English grammar Passive sentences are formed as follows form of be + past participle of the main verb. Only the form of the verb be changes depending on the tense that we are using; the past participle remains the same in every tense. The table below provides an overview of the passive voice in all of the English tenses. How to change a sentence from active to passive When transforming a sentence from active to passive, we can take a step-by-step approach. Step 1 identify the object of the sentence and bring it to the front active Someone stole my bike. passive My bike … Step 2 identify the tense and conjugate the verb be accordingly active Someone stole my bike. = simple past passive My bike was … Step 3 find the past participle of the main verb active Someone stole my bike. → steal – stole – stolen passive My bike was stolen. Step 4 decide if you need to include the agent active Someone stole my bike. → Who stole the bike? We don’t know. The agent is unknown and therefore unnecessary in this case. Step 5 if the agent is important, we introduce it using the preposition by. active A cyclist caused the crash. passive The crash was caused by a cyclist. This sentence does not make sense without the agent. Note Because the direct object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence, we can only use transitive verbs in the passive voice steal a car, write a book, make a mistake …. Intransitive verbs do not take a direct object arrive, die, go … so cannot be used in the passive. Learn more about the difference between transitive and intransitive verbs. Table of English Tenses in Active and Passive Check out the table below to learn how to change active sentences into the passive voice in every tense. The passive in sentences with two objects Certain verbs like ask, give, offer, pay, send, show etc. are used with two objects. Usually, one is a person indirect object and the other is a thing direct object. In the active voice, these sentences can be expressed in two different ways Example Someone gave Josie this calendar. Someone gave this calendar to Josie. indirect object IO Josie; direct object DO this calendar This is the same in the passive voice; either object can become the subject of the passive sentence. Example Josie was given this calendar. indirect object Josie → subject Josie This calendar was given to Josie. direct object this calendar → subject this calendar Changing object pronouns to subject pronouns When the indirect object of an active sentence is an object pronoun me, you, him, her …, we must change it to a subject pronoun in the passive voice. Personal & Impersonal Passive In formal situations such as news reports or academic articles, we use reporting verbs and verbs of speech and thought in the passive voice to express information in a neutral, unbiased way. Common verbs agree, announce, assume, believe, claim, consider, declare, expect, feel, find, know, mention, say, suppose, think, and understand. Such sentences can start with it impersonal passive or with the subject personal passive. Example It is said that this area has a high crime rate. impersonal passive This area is said to have a high crime rate. personal passive = They say that this area has a high crime rate. Impersonal Passive Sentences in the impersonal passive begin with it it is said/believed/agreed etc. + that + clause. Examples It is believed that the suspect has blonde hair. It is said that the neighbourhood is a hotspot for crime. It is assumed that the thief is local to the area. Note in the impersonal form, only the reporting verb is formed in the passive voice; the rest of the sentence stays the same. Personal Passive Sentences in the personal passive begin with the subject and contain an infinitive clause subject + is said/believed/thought etc. + to + infinitive. Examples The suspect is believed to have blonde hair. The neighbourhood is said to be a hotspot for crime. The thief is assumed to be local to the area. We use the perfect infinitive have + past participle after the reporting verb to refer to the past. Example The theft is believed to have occurred at midnight last night. The thief is said to have acted alone. have/get something done We can also form the passive with have/get + object + past participle. Note get is more informal than have. We use this form when someone else does something for us, particularly in the context of paid services. Active I do my hair. I do this myself Passive I have/get my hair done. I pay someone else to do this for me Like with a standard passive, the agent of the action is unknown or unimportant; the focus is on the action itself. Example Tom has/gets his car cleaned at the garage. If we want to include the agent, we use by. Example He had his suit made by a tailor. We can use this structure in every tense Examples I’m getting my hair done tomorrow. present progressive We had our kitchen renovated last year. simple past They’ve had the dishwasher repaired several times. present perfect simple Info This passive structure is a type of causative. You can learn more on our page all about causative structures with have and get. Passive with have In addition to services, the passive with have has an extra meaning. We use have + object + past participle to express an experience that was negative, painful or unpleasant. Examples I had my bike stolen last week. He had his wisdom tooth taken out. we can’t use get in these examples Online exercises to improve your English Improve your English with Lingolia. Each grammar topic comes with one free exercise where you can review the basics, as well as many more Lingolia Plus exercises where you can practise according to your level. Check your understanding by hovering over the info bubbles for simple explanations and handy tips. Passive Voice – Free Exercise Passive – mixed exercise Lingolia Plus English Unlock all grammar exercises for English with a Lingolia Plus account 983 interactive grammar exercises for English sorted by topic and level A1–C1 with a built-in progress tracker and awards system Get started with Lingolia Plus Passive Voice – Lingolia Plus Exercises Passive voice in simple present 1 A2 Passive voice in simple present 2 A2 Passive voice in simple present 3 A2 Passive voice in simple present 4 A2 Passive voice in simple present 5 A2 Passive voice in simple present Bonfire Night A2 Passive voice in simple present Vietnamese New Year B1 Passive voice in simple present active to passive 1 A2 Passive voice in simple present active to passive 2 A2 Passive voice in simple past 1 A2 Passive voice in simple past 2 A2 Passive voice in simple past 3 A2 Passive voice in simple past 4 A2 Passive voice in simple past active to passive 1 A2 Passive voice in simple past active to passive 2 A2 Passive voice in simple past Shipwrecked B1 Passive voice simple present vs. simple past 1 A2 Passive voice simple present vs. simple past 2 A2 Passive voice simple present vs. simple past 3 B1 Passive voice in present progressive 1 B1 Passive voice in present progressive 2 B1 Passive voice in present progressive 3 B1 Passive voice in past progressive 1 B1 Passive voice in past progressive 2 B1 Passive voice in past progressive 3 B1 Passive voice in present perfect simple 1 B2 Passive voice in present perfect simple 2 B2 Passive voice in present perfect simple 3 B2 Passive voice in present perfect simple 4 B2 Passive voice in present perfect simple 5 B1 Passive voice in past perfect 1 B2 Passive voice in past perfect 2 B2 Passive voice in past perfect 3 B2 Passive voice in past tenses B1 Passive voice in future simple B1 Passive voice in future perfect B2 Passive voice in future tenses B2 Passive infinitive 1 B2 Passive infinitive 2 B2 Passive voice – perfect infinitive 1 C1 Passive voice – perfect infinitive 2 C1 Passive voice – sentences with 2 objects 1 B1 Passive voice – sentences with 2 objects 2 B1 Passive voice – sentences with 2 objects 3 B2 Passive voice – sentences with 2 objects 4 B2 Passive voice – sentences with 2 objects 5 B2 Passive voice impersonal passive with it B2 Passive voice personal passive 1 B2 Passive voice personal passive 2 B2 Passive voice – personal & impersonal passive C1 Passive voice mixed 1 B2 Passive voice mixed 2 B2 Passive voice mixed 3 C1 Active or passive – Hadrian’s Wall C1 Passive voice have/get something done B2 Passive voice have something done 1 B2 Passive voice have something done 2 C1 Passive with have negative experiences C1 A1Beginner A2Elementary B1Intermediate B2Upper intermediate C1Advanced

16 tenses active and passive voice